PUBLICATION ETHICS

PASCHR is committed to preserving the utmost levels of scholarly integrity and scientific
credibility through a comprehensive peer-review system combined with rigorous ethical
guidelines. The editorial committee enforces a strict zero-tolerance approach towards any
instances of professional impropriety, encompassing plagiarism, deceptive manipulation of
research outcomes, and deceptive assertions of authorship, among others. Be assured that our
editors will respond to any such unethical conduct with the utmost seriousness.

Protection of Human Subject

PASCHR publishes articles within the fields of humanities and social sciences while upholding
strict confidentiality standards regarding respondent data. Researchers conducting studies,
particularly those involving case studies, participant observations, or qualitative research, must
adhere to guidelines designed to protect and ensure the welfare of human subjects. Authors are
expected to consider the following:

Integrity: Uphold your commitments and fulfill your agreements with sincerity and consistency
in both your actions and thoughts.

Honesty: Truthfully communicate and report your research data, results, methods, procedures,
and publication status. Strive to avoid any falsification, fabrication, or misrepresentation of
research findings.

Objectivity: Strive to eliminate bias in experiment/study design, data analysis, data
interpretation, peer review, personnel decisions, and grant writing. Disclose both personal and
financial interests to maintain transparency.

Competence: Continuously work on enhancing your expertise and take proactive steps to
advance your competence in your field.

Carefulness: Keep accurate records of your research activities, including data collection and
communication with journals. Conduct thorough peer reviews of your work to prevent errors.

Openness: Share your data, results, tools, resources, and ideas with transparency in PASCHR
conferences or any other field of humanities to get feed backs from the professional audience as
well to attract scholars with the same interests.

Legality: Adhere to all governmental and institutional laws and policies that apply to your
research.

Confidentiality: Safeguard sensitive information, such as patient records, trade or military
secrets, grant applications, and papers submitted for publication.

Non-discrimination: Avoid any form of discrimination against colleagues or students based on
gender, sex, ethnicity, race, or religion.

Respect for Intellectual Property: Obtain proper permission before using published or
unpublished material. Always acknowledge and credit the original author/creator, and fulfill
obligations related to patents, copyrights, trademarks, and other intellectual property rights.

Responsible Publication: Steer clear of duplicate publication and follow ethical guidelines in
publishing to advance scientific knowledge rather than solely focusing on personal career goals.

Responsible Mentoring: Encourage, educate, mentor, and provide guidance to students in a
responsible manner.

Social Responsibility: Champion public interests and contribute to the betterment of public
health through your research.

Human Subjects Protection: Uphold the respect, confidentiality, welfare, and dignity of human
subjects participating in the studies. Strive to minimize any potential risks or harm to them.

Submission

Manuscript submissions must be exclusively carried out by one of the authors listed.
Submissions from individuals who are not among the aforementioned authors will be deemed
ineligible and, consequently, will not be accepted. Furthermore, the submitted manuscript, as
well as any subsequent rendition of the work, should not have been previously published or
submitted for publication elsewhere. Any violation of these regulations will result in the
immediate rejection of the submission, without further review.
Upon the receipt of a new submission, the publisher's office undertakes a series of preliminary
assessments, which encompass the following:

Initial verification of format and completeness.
Preliminary assessment of the publication status.
Preliminary evaluation of the author's background.
Preliminary examination for instances of plagiarism.
Examination for machine-generated manuscripts.
Regarding plagiarism, it is imperative that manuscripts submitted to PASCHR contain original
content. To ensure this requirement is met, an initial Plagiarism Check is performed for each
submission.

Data Fabrication and Falsification
Data Fabrication, a serious ethical concern, involves the fabrication of research results from
scratch. Conversely, Data Falsification involves the manipulation of research data to create a
misleading impression. Instances of data falsification encompass actions like altering images,
such as micrographs, gels, or radiological images, eliminating outliers or undesirable results, and
modifying, adding, or omitting data points, among other practices. In situations where doubts
arise regarding the accuracy of figures presented by an author, it is recommended to seek the
original data directly from the author.

Conflicts of Interest

Authors
Authors must maintain a high level of awareness regarding the potential for conflicts of interest
to arise. In the event that such a conflict does materialize, authors are obligated to assume full
responsibility for upholding the accuracy of their manuscript. Nevertheless, it is imperative that
authors include a suitable statement in the Acknowledgments section of the paper, openly
acknowledging any potential conflicts of interest to the readership. Authors are advised to read
the Intellectual Property Rights.

Conflicts include the following:

Financial affiliations: These can encompass various financial ties such as direct employment,
consultancy arrangements with related organizations/companies, ownership of stock options,
receipt of grants, holding patents, or providing paid expert testimony.

Personal affiliations: These can involve personal rivalries and potential biases. Personal factors
include connections such as friendships, familial ties, or other close personal relationships that
have the potential to exert influence on the research's outcomes.

Intellectual or ideological convictions: These can include moral or personal beliefs that might
exert an influence on scientific perspectives. Intellectual property encompasses patents or
trademarks that are owned by the author, their organization, or a third party. It points to the
personal beliefs or engagement in activism, be it political or religious, that are relevant to the
research.

Academic competition: This pertains to instances where judgments may be influenced due to
direct or indirect competition with peers or colleagues.
Consequently, all stakeholders, including authors, editors, and reviewers, are obliged to maintain
transparency and disclose any potential or actual conflicts of interest.

As an author, your responsibility in reporting and managing conflicts of interest involves
adhering to the guidelines outlined below, as suggested by the Office of Research Integrity.
Disclose all interests to ensure stakeholders are informed and can take appropriate actions.

Monitor research and research results to maintain transparency and integrity.
In collaborative research, conflicts of interest may arise, and it is highly recommended that both
authors and publishers prioritize transparency in research and publication.

Academic considerations involve competitors or researchers whose work is being critiqued or
evaluated as part of the research.

Any disclosed conflicts of interest will be assessed by the editor and reviewers and subsequently
disclosed in the published article.

Peer-Reviewers

It is essential to explicitly inquire of reviewers whether they have any conflicts of interest that
could compromise their objective assessment of a manuscript. Should any such conflicts exist,
reviewers are obligated to disclose this information to the editors and refrain from evaluating
manuscripts where bias could be a concern. Furthermore, reviewers are strictly prohibited from
using any confidential information related to material under review, prior to its publication, for
their personal benefit or professional advancement.

Editors and Journal Staff

Editors who are responsible for making final determinations on manuscripts are duty-bound to
recuse themselves from editorial decisions when conflicts of interest or relationships that could
potentially create conflicts emerge concerning articles under consideration. Other members of
the editorial team involved in editorial judgments must provide editors with a comprehensive
account of their existing financial interests or any other conflicts that might influence editorial
decisions. They should also abstain from participating in decisions when conflicts of interest
exist. Editorial personnel must not, under any circumstances, exploit information acquired
through their involvement with manuscripts for personal benefit. Editors should also regularly
disclose potential conflicts of interest arising from their own commitments and those of the

journal staff in published disclosure statements. These expectations similarly apply to guest
editors.